LESSON 36

Far Future and Present Negative of Vowel-stem Verbs

Vocabulary

kwibagirwa - to forget kwambara- to wear, put on
kwibuka - to remember kwanga - to refuse, hate
kwuoaka (or, kubaka) - to build kwemera - to agree, be willing, accept, admit

72. Far Future of vowel-stem verbs. This is formed by dropping the -a- of the -za- tense sign before the vowel of the stem: nzemera - I will agree, azibuka - he will remember

73. Negative future of vowel-stem verbs is formed according to the same rule, but, of course, adding the negative prefix: sinzibagirwa - I shall not forget, ntazubaka - he will not build

74. Negative present of vowel-stem verbs follows the same rule as that for the prefixless present affirmative, except that the negative prefix is added:

sinibuka - I don’t remember ntitwibuka - we don’t remember
ntiwibuka - you don’t remember ntimwibuka - you don’t remember
ntiyibuka - he doesn’ t remember ntibibuka - they don’t remember

All other vowel-stem verbs are handled in the same way. It is important to remember that the vowel of the stem is never lost in any kind of contraction. ntiyambara - he doesn’t wear, ntiyubaka - he doesn’t build, ntiyemera - he doesn’t agree

Exercises:

I. Translate into English:

1. Umubyeyi ntiyanga gufasha abana be. 2. Abagabo bazubaka ishuri ejo. 3. Abagore bazemera gukora neza mu mirima y’abagabo babo. 4. Ntituzibagirwa kuzana ibijumba byacu ejo. 5. Abakene ntibambara imyenda myiza kandi ntibafi te amafaranga menshi. 6. Ihene ntizambara imyenda, ariko zifite ubwoya. 7. Tuzubaka inzu nshya iwacu. 8. Mbese muzambara imyenda yanyu myiza ku munsi mukuru? 9. Abana ntibibuka neza indirimbo nshya. 10. Abigishwa ntibazandika inzandiko vuba, kuko bazabanza kwiga gusoma.

II. Translate into Kinyarwanda:

1. The teacher’s workmen will build his new house soon. 2. You (s.) will not forget to come to buy your books today. 3. The boys agree to go to Kigali to look for their things. 4. The rich man refuses to work in his garden. 5. You (pl.) will remember to come to school tomorrow morning. 6. I am not willing to bring my slate, because we have slates at school. 7. God’s people will build a new school soon. 8. Do sheep refuse to go in the path? 9. Will you (s.) remember the good words of your teacher? 10. The poor man will not repent of his sins because he is afraid (= has fear).