Past Verb Endings
(Instead of a new vocabulary this time we give a table of all the verbs given thus far, with their past stems. Memorize as many of them as possible for this lesson, and the remainder for the vocabulary work in the following lesson.)
107.
| kwambara | -ambaye | -fite | no past |
| kwandika | -anditse | kugaruka | -garutse |
| kwanga | -anze | kugenda | -giye |
| kuba | -baye | kugera | -geze |
| kubabarira | -babariye | kugira | -gize |
| kubanguka | -bangutse | kuguma | -gumye |
| kubanza | -banje | kugwa | -guye |
| kubara | -baze | kugurisha | -gurishije |
| kubaza | -bajije | kugwa | -guye |
| kubika | -bitse | guhemba | -hembye |
| kubona | -bonye | guhenda | -henze |
| gucana | -canye | guhinga | -hinze |
| kwemera | -emeye | kwibagirwa | -ibagiwe |
| kwereka | -eretse | kwibuka | -ibutse |
| gufasha | -fashije | kwica | -ishe |
| gufata | -fashe | kwiga | -ize |
| kwigisha | -igishije | kuririmba | -ririmbye |
| kwihana | -ihannye | kuronga | -ronze |
| kwinjira | -injiye | kurya | -riye |
| kwiyuhagira | -iyuhagiye | gusaba | -sabye |
| kwizera | -izeye | gusenga | -senze |
| kujya | -giye | gushaka | -shatse |
| kujyana | -jyanye | gushima | -shimye |
| kujugunya | -jugunye | gushobora | -shoboye |
| gukaraba | -karabye | gushuka | -shutse |
| gukiza | -kijije | gushyira | -shyize |
| gukizwa | -kijijwe | gusinzira | -sinzirye |
| gukora | -koze | gusoma | -somye |
| gukubura | -kubuye | gusubira | -subiye |
| gukunda | -kunze | gutangira | -tangiye |
| kumena | -mennye | guteka | -tetse |
| kumenya | -menye | gutsinda | -tsinze |
| kumesa | -meshe | gutuma | -tumye |
| kunywa | -nyoye | kwubaka | -ubatse |
| kwoga | -oze | kwumva | -umvise |
| kwohereza | -ohereje | kuva | -vuye |
| kwongera | -ongeye | kuvuga | -vuze |
| kwoza | -ogeje | kuvura | -vuye |
| gupfa | -pfuye | kuza | -je |
| kureba | -rebye | kuzana | -zanye |
| -ri | no past | ||
| kurira | -rize |
Note that in most instances it is only the last two letters of the stem which change. In the vocabularies from now on only the syllable which is changed will be shown, except where the whole stem changes.
In the above list the verbs whose stems begin with o or u have been given with kw- as the infinitive, but remember that these-are often written without the w, koza rather than kwoza, kumva rather than kwumva.
No further grammar is given in this lesson. Spend your time learning these past suffixes.
Exercises:
I. Translate into English:
II. Translate into Kinyarwanda: