LESSON 82

Gutya, Gutyo

Vocabulary

163. Gutya, gutyo. These adverbs mean: gutya - like this; gutyo - like that. This is one of the most difficult sounds in Kinyarwanda. Practice with an African until you can say it well.

These adverbs are variable, that is, they usually take the same prefix as the verbs they modify.

yabikoze at yo - he did it like that

babikoze bat yo - they did it like that

tugire dutya - let’s do it like this

ndakora ntya - I do like this.

When following an infinitive it takes gu- in agreement with the infinitive. e.g. Turashaka kuririmba gutyo - we want to sing like that.

With the imperative it may be: kora utya, or, kora gutya - do like this.

Note: Do not try to use this form for “Do like John”. (For that, see par. 251.)

A common error of beginners is to want to always use -tya, or -tyo, but it is better to make it agree with the verb it modifies.

Exercises:

I. Translate into English:

1. Paulo yagize umwete mwinshi mu mirimo y’Imana; natwe (we also) tugire dutyo. 2. Kuko umucyo w’Imana waka utyo tugende neza muri wo (it. i.e. light). 3. Kuko munyinginze mutyo nzabibaha. 4. Abahungu barahinga neza; mwebwe mukore mutyo. 5. Toma ntiyizeye kugeza aho (until) abonye Yesu; ntidushidikanye dutyo. 6. Imbwa zirya zitya ariko abantu barya batya. 7. Niba (if) inkumi ibeshya ityo, ntidushobora kuyizera. 8. Sinshobora guha umufundi akazi kuko anebwe atyo. 9. Umwana wacu arwara atya iminsi yose; mbese ntimushobora kumukiza? 10. Akabwa kibye inyama gatyo; sinshaka ko kagaruka mu nzu.

II. Translfte into Kinyarwanda:

1. Let us be zealous to sing like this. 2. Plane (s.) the bOards like that. 3. It is not nice to laugh like that. 4. The children run like this. 5. I did it like this, but you (pl.) do it like that. 6. It’s difficult to catch wild animals because they fear people like that. 7. Do you (s.) write like this with a pencil? 8. Stop laughing like that and help your sister (to a boy). 9. Because God’s love is strong like that, He wants to save everybody. 10. We can’t bring in (from sun) the clothes, because they are wet like that.